Abstract (en):
Data derived from the literature supplemented by examination of specimens in collections show that 1435 species of native fishes live in the freshwaters of Colombia. These species represent 14 orders and 47 families. Orders with the largest numbers of species in the Colombian continental ichthyofauna are the Characiformes (637 species), Siluriformes (524 species), Perciformes (124 species), and Gymnotiformes (74 species), with the remaining 10 orders having from 1 to 35 species. At the family level, the Characidae has the greatest number of species (399 species), with this followed by the Loricariidae (166 species), Cichlidae (114 species), Pimelodidae (54 species), and Trichomycteridae (54 species); the remaining 42 families having 1 to 52 species. Present data indicate that 311 of the species occur solely at locations within Colombia. Continued descriptions of new species from the continental waters of Colombia demonstrate that the present total underestimates the species-level diversity of the ichthyofauna. The 1435 species living in Colombian freshwaters represent approximately 5% of all freshwater and marine fish species now recognized worldwide and approximately 29% of the freshwater fish species known to inhabit the drainages across the expanse from the southern border of Mexico through to Chile and Argentina. Various historical and ecological factors potentially contributing to the species-level richness of the Colombian freshwater fish fauna are discussed (e.g. geology, climate, physiography, water chemistry).
Abstract (es):
Datos provenientes de literatura, complementados por la revisión de especímenes en colecciones muestran que 1435 especies nativas de peces viven en las aguas dulces de Colombia. Estas especies representan 14 órdenes y 47 familias. Los órdenes con el mayor número de especies son Characiformes (637 especies), Siluriformes (524 especies), Perciformes (124 especies) y Gymnotiformes (74 especies); los restantes órdenes tiene de 1 a 35 especies. Al nivel de familia, Characidae posee el mayor número de especies (399 especies), seguida de Loricariidae (166 especies), Cichlidae (114 especies), Pimelodidae (54 especies) y Trichomycteridae (54 especies); las restantes 42 familias tienen de 1 a 52 especies. Los datos presentados indican que 311 especies se encuentran distribuidas solamente en Colombia. La descripción continua de nuevas especies provenientes de las aguas continentales de Colombia, demuestra que el número total de especies registrado subestima la diversidad específica de su ictiofauna. Las 1435 especies que viven en las aguas dulces colombianas representan aproximadamente 5 % de todas las especies marinas y dulceacuícolas hoy en día reconocidas a nivel global y aproximadamente el 29 % de los peces de agua dulce que habitan las aguas continentales desde el límite sur de México hasta Chile y Argentina. Varios factores históricos y ecológicos que potencialmente contribuyen a ésta gran riqueza de peces de agua dulce en Colombia son discutidos (p.ej. geología, clima, fisiografía, química de las aguas).
Keywords:
Diversity, Distribution, NW South America, Ichthyofauna, Colombia (en)
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How to Cite
Maldonado-Ocampo, J. A., Vari, R. P., & Usma, J. S. (2008). Checklist of the freshwater fishes of Colombia. Biota Colombiana, 9(2). Retrieved from https://revistas.humboldt.org.co/index.php/biota/article/view/201
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