Abstract (en):
Using maps of vegetation cover, aerial photographs and field data, we evaluated the fragmentation status of tropical dry forest at the high basin of river Cauca in southwestern Colombia. The study area had 608992 ha, ranging from northern Cauca to central Risaralda. Forest cover represented 1,76% of the analyzed area, scattered in about 1600 fragments with a mean patch area of 6,03 ha. 75% of the forest fragments were separated by a distance of 500 m or more from its nearest neighbour. Only nine fragments had an extension over 100 ha, most of them with dendritic shapes and up to 17 core areas. This configuration would make them behave more like separate small patches than a continuous large patch. In this landscape, edge effect is expected to greatly influence species composition of dry forest fragments. Evaluation of regional species richness should account for the contribution of other arboreal landscape elements. Bamboo forests and riparian forests are especially
important since they increase landscape connectivity. In this context, any conservation or restoration initiative should involve management of the landscape matrix, sugar cane and pastures, in order to make them less resistant to the movement or organisms between landscape elements.
Abstract (es):
Mediante la utilización de mapas de cobertura vegetal, fotografías aéreas y datos de campo, se evaluó el estado de fragmentación del bosque seco en la cuenca alta del río Cauca. El área de estudio, desde el norte del Cauca hasta el centro de Risaralda, abarcó una extensión de 608992 ha. Se encontró que la cobertura boscosa constituyó el 1,76% del área analizada, representada en más de 1600 fragmentos con tamaño promedio 6,03 ha. El 75% de los fragmentos se encontraron a 500 m o más de su vecino más cercano; solo nueve fragmentos tuvieron extensión mayor a 100 ha, la mayoría de forma dendrítica, con hasta 17 núcleos. Esta configuración sugiere que se comportan más como pequeños parches separados que como un solo parche grande. Se espera que el efecto de borde sea determinante en la composición de especies de bosque seco. La evaluación de la riqueza regional debe tener en cuenta la contribución de otros elementos de cobertura arbórea. Guaduales y bosques riparios son especialmente importantes ya que incrementan la conectividad del paisaje. En este contexto, cualquier iniciativa de conservación o restauración debe incluir cambios en el manejo de la matriz de caña de azúcar y pasturas para hacerla menos resistente al movimiento de organismos entre los elementos del paisaje.
Keywords:
Bosque seco tropical, Valle del río Cauca, Fragmentación, Métricas del paisaje (es)
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How to Cite
Arcila Cardona, A. M., Valderrama Ardila, C., & Chacón de Ulloa, P. (2012). Estado de fragmentación del bosque seco de la cuenca alta del río Cauca, Colombia. Biota Colombiana, 13(2). Retrieved from https://revistas.humboldt.org.co/index.php/biota/article/view/264
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