Abstract (en):
Coral reefs are important coastal ecosystems for both humans and marine species due to the diversity of ecosystem services they provide. Unfortunately, and as a consequence of anthropogenic and natural factors these ecosystems are disappearing. To mitigate coral reef degradation and potential loss, several active and passive conservation strategies have been implemented. Active strategies imply the direct intervention of humans in the ecosystem. Ecological restoration (ER) is an active strategy recently used in marine ecosystems. However, since the 1980s, different methodologies have been designed and implemented to mitigate threats and recover degraded coral reefs. Currently, although still under development, the most used ER methodologies on coral reefs are coral rearing through asexual and sexual propagation, and double restoration. This paper presents a general description of coral reef ER. It begins with characteristics of reef building corals ER methods and experiences, and ends with recommendations for those who want to develop and implement ER processes on coral reefs.
Abstract (es):
Los arrecifes coralinos son ecosistemas costeros de gran importancia para el hombre y especies marinas por la diversidad de servicios ecosistémicos que ofrecen. Desafortunadamente y a consecuencia de factores antropogénicos y naturales están perdiéndose rápidamente. Para frenar su degradación y potencial pérdida, se han diseñado e implementado estrategias de conservación pasivas y activas. En estas últimas, que implican la intervención directa del hombre sobre el ecosistema, se ubica la restauración ecológica (RE), la cual lleva pocos años implementándose en ecosistemas marinos. Sin embargo, desde comienzo de la década de 1980 se vienen implementando diferentes métodos con el fin de mitigar amenazas y recuperar los arrecifes degradados. En la actualidad, aunque aún están en etapas experimentales, los métodos de RE en arrecifes coralinos más utilizados son la cría de corales mediante propagación asexual y sexual, y la restauración doble. En este artículo se presenta una descripción general sobre la RE en arrecifes coralinos, comenzando con características de los corales constructores de arrecifes, pasando por los métodos que más se están aplicando y haciendo un recorrido por las experiencias que se han y están desarrollando en todo el mundo. Se finaliza con unas recomendaciones para los interesados implementar procesos de RE en arrecifes coralinos.
Keywords:
Corales escleractíneos, Tensores arrecifales, Deterioro arrecifal, Propagación asexual y sexual, Restauración doble (es)
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How to Cite
Pizarro, V., Carrillo, V., & García-Rueda, A. (2014). Review and state of the art for ecological restoration of coral reefs. Biota Colombiana, 15. Retrieved from https://revistas.humboldt.org.co/index.php/biota/article/view/360
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