Wetlands are considered strategic ecosystems in Colombia. They play an essential role in water regulation, especially in extreme rainfall events or drought as El Nino and La Nina. Despite that, Colombia did not have a national wetland map. The Humboldt Institute, with the Adaptation Fund support and in partnership with Ideam, built the Identification Wetlands Map of Colombia Inland Territory using official information available at 1:100.000 of soils, geomorphology and associated wetland vegetation coverage. Additionally, a flood frequency map obtained from radar satellite images was integrated; it provided information of the spatial and temporal ecosystem dynamics. We identified 30.781.149 hectares of wetlands (26.99% of the national inland area) distributed in the following categories: open or under canopy permanent wetlands, temporary wetlands,
and medium and low potential wetlands. The largest category is temporary wetlands with 17.861.536 ha. The thematic map accuracy was performed through 19 windows and 3176 points with a score of 75.79% total accuracy. To deal such magnitude of national wetlands area, it is necessary to develop policies and actions that enable differentiated management and recognize the identity of each wetland category.
Abstract (es):
Los humedales son considerados ecosistemas estratégicos en Colombia y cumplen un papel esencial en la regulación hídrica especialmente en periodos de extrema lluvia o sequía como El Niño y La Niña. Dado que no existía una cartografía nacional de humedales, el Instituto Humboldt con el apoyo del Fondo Adaptación y en asocio con el Ideam, construyó el Mapa de Identificación de Humedales Continentales de Colombia a partir de la información oficial disponible de suelos, geomorfología y coberturas de la tierra asociadas a humedal a escala 1:100.000. Adicionalmente, se integró el mapa de frecuencias de inundación generado con imágenes satelitales de radar para incorporar la dinámica espacial y temporal del ecosistema. En total se identificaron 30.781.149 hectáreas de humedal (26,99 % del área continental nacional) distribuidas en las categorías: a) permanentes abierto o bajo dosel; b) temporales y c) potenciales medio y bajo. Los humedales temporales fueron la categoría con mayor área (17.861.536 ha). La evaluación temática del mapa contó con 3176 puntos en 19 ventanas y arrojó una exactitud total de 75,79 %. Frente a un área nacional de tal magnitud, se hace evidente la necesidad de generar políticas y acciones de manejo diferenciadas que permitan gestionar cada categoría de forma adecuada.
Keywords:
Cartografía humedales, Ecosistemas acuáticos, Frecuencias de inundación, Humedales permanentes y temporales (es)
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How to Cite
Flórez, C., Estupiñán-Suárez, L. M., Rojas, S., Aponte, C., Quiñones, M., Acevedo, Óscar, … Jaramillo Villa, Úrsula. (2016). Identification and mapping of Colombian inland wetlands. Biota Colombiana, 17(Supl. 1). https://doi.org/10.21068/C2016s01a03
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